Tutorial+2+-+A+Second+Example

There are several things for which we need some support code:
 * Per test method setup
 * Per test method cleanup
 * One-time logger initialization
 * Inserting a single record

Before putting all of this together, let's examine each of these things.

Per test method setup
code format="java5" public class JpaApiTests { private EntityManagerFactory emf; private EntityManager em;

@Before public void initEmfAndEm { emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("examplePersistenceUnit"); em = emf.createEntityManager; }   //... } code

This creates two fields. We then use the JUnit 4 @Before annotation to initialize that before the execution of each individual unit test. For details, please see here.

Per test method cleanup
code format="java5" @After public void closeEmfAndEm { em.close; emf.close; } code This example uses the JUnit 4 @After annotation to cleanup up resources we've allocation after the execution of each individual unit test. For details, please see here.

One-time logger initialization
code format="java5" @BeforeClass public static void initializeLogging { BasicConfigurator.configure; Logger.getLogger("org").setLevel(Level.ERROR); } code This example uses the JUnit 4 @BeforeClass annotation to perform one-time initialization for the whole class. For details, please see here.

In this case, the first line in the method performs basic configuration of the Log4J logging system. The second line sets the default logging level for any class whose package starts with **org** to ERROR. This significantly reduces the output. It is possible to reduce the output one level further by setting it to FATAL.

Inserting a single record
code format="java5" private int insertPerson { final Address a1 = new Address("A Rd.", "", "Dallas", "TX", "75001"); final Person p1 = new Person("Brett", 'L', "Schuchert", a1);

if (!em.getTransaction.isActive) { em.getTransaction.begin; }       em.persist(p1); return p1.getId; } code

Rewrite and New Method
With these changes in hand, we can rewrite the previous test method as follows: code format="java5" @Test public void example1InsertTwoPeople { insertPerson; insertPerson;

final int numberFound = em.createQuery("Select p from Person p") .getResultList.size; assertEquals(2, numberFound); } code

Here's a second test to justify all of this refactoring. code format="java5" @Test public void example2 { final int primaryKey = insertPerson; final Person p = (Person) em.find(Person.class, primaryKey); assertNotNull(p); } code

Putting it all Together
And finally, here's all of the above changes together in one place. code format="java5" package entity;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals; import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager; import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory; import javax.persistence.Persistence;

import org.apache.log4j.BasicConfigurator; import org.apache.log4j.Level; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.BeforeClass; import org.junit.Test;

public class JpaApiTests { private EntityManagerFactory emf; private EntityManager em;

@BeforeClass public static void initializeLogging { BasicConfigurator.configure; Logger.getLogger("org").setLevel(Level.ERROR); }

@Before public void initEmfAndEm { emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("examplePersistenceUnit"); em = emf.createEntityManager; }

@After public void closeEmfAndEm { em.close; emf.close; }

@Test public void example1InsertTwoPeople { insertPerson; insertPerson;

final int numberFound = em.createQuery("Select p from Person p") .getResultList.size; assertEquals(2, numberFound); }

@Test public void example2 { final int primaryKey = insertPerson; final Person p = (Person) em.find(Person.class, primaryKey); assertNotNull(p); }

private int insertPerson { final Address a1 = new Address("A Rd.", "", "Dallas", "TX", "75001"); final Person p1 = new Person("Brett", 'L', "Schuchert", a1);

if (!em.getTransaction.isActive) { em.getTransaction.begin; }       em.persist(p1); return p1.getId; } } code